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Casino is a town in the Northern Rivers area of New South Wales, Australia, with a population of 10,914 people at the 2016 census.^[1] It lies on the banks of the Richmond River and is situated at the junction of the Bruxner Highway and the Summerland Way.

It is located 726 km (451 mi) north of Sydney and 228 km (142 mi) south of Brisbane.

Overview[edit]

Postcodes Nsw Australia

Casino is the seat of the Richmond Valley Council, a local government area.

British occupation of the area began in 1840 when pastoral squatters George Robert Stapleton and his business partner, Mr. Clay, set up a sheep station which they called Cassino after Cassino (near Monte Cassino) in Italy.^[3][4][5] The town now has a sister city agreement with the Italian village.^[6][7]

Casino is among Australia's largest beef centres. It is the regional hub of a very large cattle industry and positions itself as the 'Beef Capital' of Australia,^[8][9] although the city of Rockhampton also claims this title. In addition it is the service centre for a rich agricultural area.

Each year the town celebrates Beef Week. It was not held in 2007 but since that year, has continued to be held and celebrated with the 2019 one being held from 18 to 28 May.^[10]

Population[edit]

According to the 2016 census of Population, there were 10,914 people in Casino.

• Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 10.5% of the population.
• 86.8% of people were born in Australia. The next most common country of birth was England at 1.2%.
• 90.9% of people spoke only English at home.
• The most common responses for religion were Catholic 25.2%, Anglican 22.8% and No Religion 22.0%.^[1]

Transport[edit]

Casino railway station is situated on the main North Coast railway line between Sydney and Brisbane, north of Grafton. A branch line ran via Lismore to Murwillumbah; that line has since been closed, although lobbying is taking place to re-open it.^[11][12] Casino railway station is the terminus of the daily Casino XPT from Sydney and there is a daily service to and from Brisbane via the Brisbane XPT.

In the 1920s, a never completed railway branch line to Bonalbo was started. A line was also proposed from Casino via Tabulam^[13] and even a line all the way to Tenterfield,^[14]

Casino is serviced by Lismore Airport with several daily flights to Sydney.

Northern Rivers Buslines operates rural services to Lismore (670) and Kyogle (675) each weekday, with one return service to Tenterfield available on Monday, Wednesday and Friday.

Casino Bus Service operates local town loops, including a loop service to Gays Hill.

Among its many schools are the main ones: Casino High School, Casino Public School, Casino West Public School, St. Mary's Primary School, St. Mary's Catholic College School and Casino Christian Community School.

Heritage listings[edit]

Casino has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

• 102 Barker Street: Casino Post Office^[15]
• Casino-Murwillumbah railway: Old Casino railway station^[16]
• North Coast railway: Casino railway station^[17]

Location for filming[edit]

The 2014 drama series The Gods of Wheat Street was set and partly filmed in Casino.

Notable people[edit]

• Henry Wallace Browning O.A.M. (born 1928), lawn bowler, IBD World Champion 2007
• Ian Callinan (born 1937), High Court judge
• Pat Darling (1913–2007), nurse and author
• John Elford (born 1946), rugby league player
• Jeff Fatt (born 1953), musician and actor, one of The Wiggles
• Thomas George (born 1949), politician
• Clark Irving (born 1808), early settler (pastoralist) and politician^[18]
• Ben Kennedy (born 1974), rugby league player
• Matt King (born 1980), rugby league player
• John Sinclair Lumsdaine (1895–1948), songwriter, vaudeville artist and entertainer^[19]
• Tess Mallos (1933–2012), food journalist and author
• James Morgan (1901–1968), Aboriginal singer and activist^[20]
• Chris Munce (born 1969), horse racing jockey
• Kevin Ross Murray (1930–1991), barrister and citizen soldier^[21]
• Félix Schürr [fr] (1827–1900), Catholic missionary^[22]
• Brian Smith (born 1954), rugby league player and coach (attended Casino High School)^{[citation needed]}
• Tony Smith (born 1967), rugby leaguecoach, brother of Brian Smith, grew up in Casino attending Casino High School^{[citation needed]}
• Albert Torrens (born 1976), rugby league player
• Clive Andrew Williams (1915–1980), Aboriginal leader^[23]
• Damien Wright (born 1975), cricket player

See also[edit]

• Arthur Percy Sullivan (1896–1937), Victoria Cross recipient, worked at a bank in Casino during the 1930s.
• The song 'I've Been Everywhere' references Casino in its second verse.

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abcAustralian Bureau of Statistics (27 June 2017). 'Casino (Urban Centre/Locality)'. 2016 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 19 October 2018. Material was copied from this source, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
2. ^'Casino'. Climate Averages for Australian Sites. Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 24 November 2006.
3. ^'Early Bay History'. The Richmond River Herald And Northern Districts Advertiser. New South Wales, Australia. 19 November 1937. p. 7. Retrieved 12 October 2018 – via National Library of Australia.
4. ^'Casino'. Geographical Names Register (GNR) of NSW. Geographical Names Board of New South Wales.
5. ^'Place Names'. The Australian Women's Weekly. 13 May 1964. p. 61. Retrieved 22 February 2011 – via National Library of Australia.
6. ^'Minutes Ordinary Meeting'(PDF). Richmond Valley Council. 16 July 2002. p. 32. Archived from the original(PDF) on 22 July 2005. Retrieved 7 August 2008.
7. ^'Minutes Ordinary Meeting'(PDF). Richmond Valley Council. 18 March 2003. p. 42. Archived from the original(PDF) on 22 July 2005. Retrieved 7 August 2008.
8. ^George, Thomas (30 May 2000). 'Northern Star Casino Beef Week 2000'. Hansard. Parliament of New South Wales. Archived from the original on 10 September 2007. Retrieved 10 August 2008. I speak about Casino, the true beef capital of Australia
9. ^'Casino Tourism'. Casino Tourist Information Centre. Retrieved 10 August 2008.
10. ^Beef Week Beef Week
11. ^'No plans to reopen line'. Retrieved 25 May 2009.
12. ^'State Nationals member lobbies to reopen line'. Retrieved 25 May 2009.
13. ^'COUNTRY NEWS'. Daily Mail (5393). Brisbane. 2 January 1920. p. 2. Retrieved 1 April 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
14. ^'Casino-Tenterfield Railway'. The Richmond River Express and Casino Kyogle Advertiser. New South Wales. 17 December 1920. p. 4. Retrieved 1 April 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
15. ^'Casino Post Office'. New South Wales State Heritage Register. Office of Environment and Heritage. H01405. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
16. ^'Old Casino Railway Station'. New South Wales State Heritage Register. Office of Environment and Heritage. H01216. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
17. ^'Casino Railway Station and yard group'. New South Wales State Heritage Register. Office of Environment and Heritage. H01111. Retrieved 18 May 2018.
18. ^L Daley. 'Irving, Clark (1808–1865)'. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Australian National University. Retrieved 8 January 2018.
19. ^Groot, Murray. 'Lumsdaine, John Sinclair (Jack) (1895–1948)'. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
20. ^Wild, Stephen. 'Morgan, James (Jim) (1901–1968)'. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
21. ^Selth, P. A. 'Murray, Kevin Ross (1930–1991)'. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: Australian National University. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
22. ^'Felix Schurr'. Australian Dictionary of Biography. Retrieved 22 February 2018.
23. ^'Williams, Clive Andrew (1915–1980)'. Australian Dictionary of Biography. 2002. Retrieved 30 March 2015.

External links[edit]

Postcodes are used in Australia to more efficiently sort and route mail within the Australian postal system. Postcodes in Australia have four digits and are placed at the end of the Australian address. Postcodes were introduced in Australia in 1967 by the Postmaster-General's Department and are now managed by Australia Post, and are published in booklets available from post offices or online from the Australia Post website.

Australian envelopes and postcards often have four square boxes printed in orange at the bottom right for the postcode. These are used when addressing mail by hand for Australian delivery.

• 4Allocation

Casino Nsw Postcode

History[edit]

Postcodes were introduced in Australia in 1967 by the Postmaster-General's Department (PMG) to replace earlier postal sorting systems, such as Melbourne's letter and number codes (e.g., N3, E5) and a similar system then used in rural and regional New South Wales. The introduction of the postcodes coincided with the introduction of a large-scale mechanical mail sorting system in Australia,^[1] starting with the Sydney GPO.

By 1968, 75% of mail was using postcodes, and in the same year post office preferred-size envelopes were introduced,^[1] which came to be referred to as “standard envelopes”.

Postcode squares were introduced in June 1990^[2] to enable Australia Post to use optical character recognition (OCR) software in its mail sorting machines to automatically and more quickly sort mail by postcodes.

Format[edit]

Australian postcodes consist of four digits (three in the Northern Territory ^[3]), and are written after the name of the city, suburb, or town, and the state or territory:

Mr John Smith

100 Citizen Road

BLACKTOWN NSW 2148

When writing an address by hand, and a row of four boxes is pre-printed on the lower right hand corner of an envelope, the postcode may be written in the boxes.

If addressing a letter from outside Australia, the postcode is recorded before 'Australia'.

Geography[edit]

Australian postcodes are sorting information. They are often linked with one area (e.g. 6160 belongs only to Fremantle, Western Australia). Due to post code rationalisation, they can be quite complex, especially in country areas (e.g. 2570 belongs to twenty-two towns and suburbs around Camden, New South Wales). The south-western Victoria 3221 postcode of the Geelong Mail Centre also includes twenty places around Geelong with very few people. This means that mail for these places is not fully sorted until it gets to Geelong.^{[citation needed]} Some postcodes cover large populations (e.g., postcode 4350 serving some 100,000 people in Toowoomba and the surrounding area), while other postcodes have much smaller populations, even in urban areas. Australian postcodes range from 0200 for the Australian National University (now 2601) to 9944 for Cannonvale, Queensland.

Some towns and suburbs have two postcodes — one for street deliveries and another for post office boxes. For example, a street address in the Sydney suburb of Parramatta would be written like this:

Mr John Smith

99 George Street

PARRAMATTA NSW 2150

But mail sent to a PO Box in Parramatta would be addressed:

Mr John Smith

PO Box 99

PARRAMATTA NSW 2124

Many large businesses, government departments and other institutions receiving high volumes of mail had their own postcode as a Large Volume Receiver (LVR), e.g. the Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital has the postcode 4029, the Australian National University had the postcode 0200. More postcode ranges were made available for LVRs in the 1990s. Australia Post has been progressively discontinuing the LVR programme since 2006.^{[citation needed]}

Allocation[edit]

Australian states and territories[edit]

The first one or two numbers usually show the state or territory that the postcode belongs to

Sometimes near the state and territory borders, Australia Post finds it easier to send mail through a nearby post office that is across the border:

Some of the postcodes above may cover two or more states. For example, postcode 2620 covers both a locality in NSW (Gundaroo) as well as a locality in the ACT (Hume), and postcode 0872 covers a number of localities across WA, SA, NT and QLD.

Three locations (Mingoola^[4], Mungindi^[5] and Texas^[6]) straddle the NSW-Queensland border (so same town name and postcode on both sides).

Jervis Bay Territory, once an exclave of the ACT but now a separate territory, is geographically located on the coast of NSW. It is just south of the towns of Vincentia and Huskisson, with which it shares a postcode. Mail to the Jervis Bay Territory is still addressed to the ACT.

The numbers used to show the state on each radio callsign in Australia are the same number as the first number for postcodes in that state, e.g. 2xx in New South Wales, 3xx in Victoria, etc. Radio callsigns pre-date postcodes in Australia by more than forty years.

External territories[edit]

Australia's external territories are also included in Australia Post's postcode system. While these territories do not belong to any state, they are addressed as such for mail sorting:

Three scientific bases in Antarctica operated by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions share a postcode with the isolated sub-Antarctic island of Macquarie Island (part of Tasmania):

State and territory capital cities[edit]

Each state's capital city ends with three zeroes, while territorial capital cities end with two zeroes. Capital city postcodes were the lowest postcodes in their state or territory range, before new ranges for LVRs and PO Boxes were made available. The last number can usually be changed from '0' to '1' to get the postcode for General Post Office boxes in any capital city (though Perth now uses a different range of postcodes for its GPO Boxes):

Allocation within states[edit]

Casino Nsw Australia

While the first number of a postcode usually shows the state or territory, the second number usually shows a region within the state. However, postcodes with the same second number are not always next to each other. As an example, postcodes in the range 2200–2299 are split between the southern suburbs of Sydney and the Central Coast and Lake Macquarie regions of New South Wales.

Postcodes with a second number of '0' or '1' are almost always located within the metropolitan area of the state's capital city. Postcodes with higher second numbers are usually located in rural and regional areas. Common exceptions are where towns were rural when postcodes were first introduced in 1967, but have since been suburbanised and incorporated into metropolitan areas, e.g. Penrith, New South Wales has the postcode 2750 and Petrie, Queensland has the postcode 4502.

Within each region with the same second number, postcodes usually get bigger the further one travels from the state's capital city along major highways and railways. For instance, heading north on the North Coast railway in New South Wales away from Sydney:

Major towns and cities[edit]

Major towns and cities tend to have '0' as the last number or last two numbers, e.g. Rockhampton, Queensland has the postcode 4700 and Ballarat, Victoria has the postcode 3350. There are exceptions; the major town of Ipswich, Queensland has the postcode 4305, while Goodna, a relatively unimportant suburb of Ipswich, is allocated 4300.

Postcode squares[edit]

Australia Post prefers envelopes sold in Australia to have four boxes in the bottom right corner of the front of the envelope. Entering the postcode in these boxes or squares, which Australia Post calls postcode squares, enables Australia Post to use optical character recognition (OCR) software in its mail sorting machines to automatically and more quickly sort mail into postcodes, which also embeds routing information. Postcode squares were introduced in June 1990.^[2]

Australia Post says that postcode squares should not be used for machine-addressed mail, or mail going overseas.

Other uses[edit]

Many other organisations now use postcodes. Insurance companies often use postcodes when working out the cost of car and house insurance. The NSW Ministry of Transport uses postcodes to give specific numbers for each bus stop in Greater Sydney. The stop number is five to seven numbers: the first four are the postcode, and the others show the bus stop (sometimes written with a space in between, e.g. '2000 108').

Mosman Nsw Postcode

Many companies that produce metropolitan street maps also list the postcodes for each suburb, both in indexes and on the maps themselves. Spatial representation of postcodes is also very popular in defining sales and franchise territories.

Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Taxation Office and many other Federal and State government organisations publish a variety of statistics by postcode which extends the use Australia Post four digit code to many business and social planning related activities.

There is an inherent problem with spatial representation of postcodes since areas referenced to a specific postal code tend to change over time, as new postcodes are added or existing ones are split by Australia Post for operational purposes.^[7]

Postcode Map Nsw

Some mail generating software can automatically sort outward mail by postcode before it is generated. This pre-sort of mail into postcode order eliminates the need for it to be sorted manually or using mail sorting machines.

Mechanised sorting[edit]

To improve mechanised sorting, each address now has a sorting number which is printed on the letter as an orange-coloured barcode. This number might be 12 numbers long. This system enables the post office to place items in delivery order.Companies can also use Rapid Addressing Tool(RATS) to print Customer Addressed Barcodes, which are printed above the address.Every Delivery Point in Australia (DPID) has its own number.Barcode Sorter (BCS) machines sort and sequence letters up to C5 size. MARS sequences letters up to C5 articles. Flat multi-level OCR (FMOCR) reads, imprints and sorts C5- to A3-size articles.

See also[edit]

• Postcodes in the United Kingdom - the United Kingdom equivalent
• Postal codes in New Zealand - the equivalent in New Zealand
• ZIP code - the United States equivalent

References[edit]

1. ^ ^abDaniel Vidoni. 'History and Assignment of Postcodes'. Store Finder. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
2. ^ ^abAlford, John (2009). Engaging Public Sector Clients: From Service-Delivery to Co-Production. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 86. doi:10.1057/9780230235816. ISBN978-1-349-30872-9.
3. ^Department of Industry, Innovation and Science. 'PSMA Geocoded National Address File (G-NAF)'. Data.gov.au.
4. ^Australia Post. 'Mingoola Postcode'. auspost.com.au. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
5. ^Australia Post. 'Mungindi Postcode'. auspost.com.au. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
6. ^Australia Post. 'Texas Postcode'. auspost.com.au. Retrieved 2019-02-28.
7. ^'Australian Postcodes User Guide'. All Things Spatial Blog. 21 September 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2013.

External links[edit]

Burwood Postcode Nsw